They Did Not Yet Understand

John 20:1-10
Easter
April 5, 2025
William G. Carter

 

Early on the first day of the week, while it was still dark, Mary Magdalene came to the tomb and saw that the stone had been removed from the tomb. So she ran and went to Simon Peter and the other disciple, the one whom Jesus loved, and said to them, “They have taken the Lord out of the tomb, and we do not know where they have laid him.” Then Peter and the other disciple set out and went toward the tomb. The two were running together, but the other disciple outran Peter and reached the tomb first. He bent down to look in and saw the linen wrappings lying there, but he did not go in. Then Simon Peter came, following him, and went into the tomb. He saw the linen wrappings lying there, and the cloth that had been on Jesus’s head, not lying with the linen wrappings but rolled up in a place by itself. Then the other disciple, who reached the tomb first, also went in, and he saw and believed, for as yet they did not understand the scripture, that he must rise from the dead.  Then the disciples returned to their homes.

 

This is the story of how it all began. Behind the pretty flowers, beyond the joyful music, beneath the alleluias is the discovery that Jesus is not among the dead. His tomb had been opened. The stone had been rolled away. Jesus wasn’t there. He wasn’t where everybody expected him to be.

 

It was shocking news. It prompted a lot of running around. Mary Magdalene ran to Simon Peter. Simon Peter and another ran to the tomb. It became a footrace. Who can get there first? The unnamed disciple bends down, looks in the grave, sees the grave clothes, but no Jesus. Peter arrives, a bit breathless, and barges in. He sees the grave clothes – and realizes they have been rolled up. Then the other one goes in, sees and “believes.” That is, he thinks it could be true.

 

For John spells it out. “They did not understand.” Not yet.

 

To be fair, who does understand? Think of someone you loved, someone you trusted, someone who was snatched away from you. Someone who died and was buried. And you discovered, much to your shock and dismay, their grave was busted open. Would you immediately rush to believe your loved one was alive again? Probably not.

 

Mary Magdalene says, “They have taken the Lord out of the tomb.” Who are the “they”? First people to accuse would be Joseph of Arimathea and the pharisee Nicodemus. They were the ones who put him in the tomb. Both were “secret disciples,” afraid of the religious authorities. Did they change their minds? Get bribed? Mary doesn’t know. She’s traumatized, so she figures there must be some conspiracy. That’s a completely understandable reaction to the trauma. Try to make some sense of it. Create a different story. She didn’t understand. Not yet.

 

And the two men, Simon Peter and the other one. They seem more interested in racing one another than figuring out what happened. An adolescent response, equally a distraction. “I ran here faster than he did.” OK – but to see what? An empty tomb?

 

Taken by itself, an empty tomb is underwhelming. It doesn’t mean much. As Frederick Buechner wrote,

 

You can’t depict or domesticate emptiness. You can’t make it into pageants and string it with lights. It doesn’t move people to give presents to each other or sing old songs. It ebbs and flows all around us, the Eastertide. Even the great choruses of Handel’s Messiah sound a little like a handful of crickets chirping under the moon.[1]

 

So, the tomb was empty. They did not understand. Many people do not understand. Some of them populate the pages of the Gospel of John. Nicodemus did not understand when Jesus spoke of the Spirit blowing freely like the wind. The Samaritan woman did not understand when he explained that God is not bound to her religion. The people around the miracle pool in chapter five, they didn’t understand that God would heal apart from their religious rules.

 

And the disciples, those closest to Jesus, there was plenty they didn’t understand. They didn’t understand when he chose a donkey on Palm Sunday (12:16). They didn’t understand when he knelt to wash their feet (13:7). So, they certainly didn’t understand when he said early on that the temple of his body would be raised on the third day (2:22).

 

On Easter, three friends race to the empty tomb. John tells us they did not yet understand “the scripture.” OK, which scripture? John doesn’t tell us. We have to go looking for it. That sounds confusing, too, until we realize he is giving us a lesson in spiritual education. The lesson is called “faith seeking understanding.” It’s been called that since the medieval scholar Anselm of Canterbury, who cribbed it from Saint Augustine. The lesson goes like this: God does something, you perceive it, and then you seek out the meaning of it all.

As Anselm confessed, “I do not seek to understand in order that I may believe, but rather, I believe in order that I may understand.”[2] This impulse prompted the early circle of Christ followers to hit the books. Specifically, the books of their Bible, which was the Hebrew Bible.

They went to the prophet Hosea, chapter six, verse two, where it was written: “After two days, he will revive us; on the third day he will raise us up, that we may live in his presence.” And they discussed among themselves, “Is the prophet speaking of himself, or about us, or is he giving us a clue about Jesus?” And they left the conversation open.

 

Then they went to the scrolls of Isaiah. There are a lot of words in those scrolls, but they found a long poem in chapters 52 and 53. Much of it sounded like the crucifixion, and then they found this verse: “Yet it was the will of the Lord to crush him with pain. When you make his life an offering for sin, he shall see shall prolong his days.”[3] And they discussed among themselves. The servant of God will suffer for our sins, yet he has a future. And they kept thinking about this.

 

And then, somebody remembered the story of Jonah. Remember that story? Jonah was swallowed by a big fish and stayed in the belly of the fish for three days and three nights.[4] And they remembered that Jesus quoted that story, and had told them, “For just as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.”[5] It was an odd analogy, but Jesus had said it. So, they kept thinking about this.

 

And then they opened the hymnal. You remember what their hymnal was? The Book of Psalms. And they turned to Psalm 110, and the first verse: “The Lord said to my lord, ‘Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies your footstool.” With this, they looked at one another. That sounds like Jesus: raised to the right hand of the Father until everything acknowledges his rule. That verse became the most quoted Hebrew verse in the Christian scriptures.

 

And then they went to the hymnal again. They remembered a verse that explained to them the empty tomb. Psalm 16, verse 10: “For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol, nor will you let your holy one see decay.” There is no clearer revelation of the God of life. No greater confirmation that love holds us even beyond death.

 

The point is any of those verses could spark interest. Yet when we start holding them together, the case becomes clearer. Jesus, the Holy One, had to be raised from the dead. God was not going to let him slip away. Jesus was too good, too true, too righteous to be abandoned by the God who gives life. And when you understand this, it becomes the key to an otherwise locked door.

 

And the witness of our faith is that it was the plan of God to lay our sins on his shoulders, where they could be taken away. And then God raised him to life so that he could continue to give us life. All we have to do is trust that. And if we read the scriptures deeply, they will confirm what we trust to be true.

 

It’s the difference between knowing and knowing. The New Testament uses two different words. “Eido” is knowing a fact. “Ginosko” is having a relationship. We can know a tomb has been cracked open (that’s “eido,” knowledge of the head). And we can know the One who has been raised from the dead (that’s “ginosko,” wisdom of the heart).

 

We can see the flowers blooming and say it’s spring again. That’s the knowledge of the head. And we can understand that life is the power of God, grace is the glue for the universe, love is the ultimate destination. That’s the knowledge of the heart. It is the move between seeing an open tomb and knowing the One who is now free from it. And then we understand Easter.

 

Someone was telling about pastor he knows named Mark. A man in Mark’s church was dying, and he asked Mark to stay close to his teenage son following his passing. So, the pastor reached out to the boy. They had an awkward conversation over a couple of Cokes. The teenager asked, “How will I know my dad will be OK after he died.” Mark fumbled for a response, then blurted out, “I promise you will know.” Immediately he regretted saying that.

 

They gather for a private graveside service after the father died. A butterfly landed on the casket. Mark said, “I made eye contact with the son as if to say, ‘Hey look! I told you you’d know.’” The boy looked back at the pastor with absolute scorn. He was probably thinking, “A bug landed on my dad’s casket, and you think it means something? You’re disgusting.’” When the service was over, the boy bolted and walked away. No words.

 

Mark went home. He was beating himself up from the gaffe. The phone rang. It was the boy’s mother. She said, “Please come to our house right now. There’s nothing wrong, but you need to get over here.” 

 

When he got to their home, she took him downstairs to the boy’s room. He could hear sobbing – and then laughing, and again. They opened the door and the room was filled with butterflies. The boy was sitting on the bed laughing and crying at the same time. Butterflies continued to fly in through an open window.

 

We could take that as fact of nature, perhaps even a coincidence. But pastor Mark spoke in faith when he told the boy, “You will know.” By faith and by trust and by living into the light God has given us, the boy was free.[6] Even the darkness of grief could not extinguish the light.

 

Coming to the empty tomb of Jesus, “they did not yet understand.” But in time, their faith would be informed by scripture. And they would know, in their heads and in their hearts, that Jesus Christ has been raised from the dead. May that be so for all of us. Happy Easter.

(c) William G. Carter. All rights reserved.

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[1] Frederick Buechner, whistling in the Dark: An ABC Theologized (San Francisco: Harper & Row, 2008), 42.

[2] Anselm of Canterbury, "Neque enim quaero intelligere ut credam, sed credo ut intelligam." Online at https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/anselmproslogion.html#capi

[3] Isaiah 53:10.

[4] Jonah 1:17.

[5] Matthew 12:40.

[6] Told by Mark Yaconelli in https://pcusa.org/news-storytelling/news/2026/3/31/churches-can-change-their-stories-anxious-hopeful

Unless I Wash You

John 13:1-11
Maundy Thursday
April 2, 2026

William G. Carter  

Now before the festival of the Passover, Jesus knew that his hour had come to depart from this world and go to the Father. Having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end. The devil had already decided that Judas son of Simon Iscariot would betray Jesus. And during supper  Jesus, knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands and that he had come from God and was going to God, got up from supper, took off his outer robe, and tied a towel around himself. Then he poured water into a basin and began to wash the disciples’ feet and to wipe them with the towel that was tied around him. He came to Simon Peter, who said to him, “Lord, are you going to wash my feet?” Jesus answered, “You do not know now what I am doing, but later you will understand.” Peter said to him, “You will never wash my feet.” Jesus answered, “Unless I wash you, you have no share with me.” Simon Peter said to him, “Lord, not my feet only but also my hands and my head!” Jesus said to him, “One who has bathed does not need to wash, except for the feet, but is entirely clean. And you are clean, though not all of you.” For he knew who was to betray him; for this reason he said, “Not all of you are clean.”

It took some preparation, but all of you made it to worship tonight. Even in the evening shadows, it looks like you all clean up pretty well. There’s a good chance some of you took a shower today. If not today, sometime over the past couple of days. Or you took a bath. If nothing else, you scrubbed with a washcloth and ran a comb through your hair. Or should have. After all, you’re out in public. Others will see you. Or sniff you. It’s good to be clean. So, one way or another, we wash up.

But when was the last time somebody washed you? I’m not looking for answers, just a moment of reflection. Not when was the last time you washed yourself, but when was the last time somebody washed you?

It is a deeply personal question. Most of the time we take responsibility for our own appearances. Unless you have a masseuse or makeup artist, you do your own work. We don’t want a stranger touching us, much less wiping us down. It’s uncomfortable to entertain the idea.

For over three decades, I’ve gotten my hair cut at the same establishment by the same haircutter. Before she cuts, she rinses my head. “Is this too warm?” she asks, usually a bit late. Then she puts three squirts of shampoo into her palms and rubs it in. She’s quite enthusiastic about it. Her fingers do the walking. Then there’s a rinse, this time too cold, and she begins again. After all this time, I trust her. Even if I had already shampooed myself two hours earlier, I welcome her scrubbing. It’s the only time all month that I have let somebody wash me.

It can be a deeply personal moment, if only because I’ve seen some of you there, too. We all have our secrets. Who is getting touched up? Who is naturally curly and who is not? Who is getting something covered up? And I could go on but won’t. The point is, if you let somebody wash you, or wash some part of you, you have allowed them in pretty close. They know you pretty well.

This is a way into this strange moment in the Gospel of John. Jesus washes his disciples. Like so many episodes in this Fourth Gospel, he does not ask permission. He just does it. And it is enough for him to wash their feet. Those feet have been trudging along dusty streets. Those feet were most likely in sandals, not high-top sneakers. Some of those feet have callouses, bunions, or unkept toenails. Jesus sees each one. He comes close enough to scoop up soapy water in his hands, pour it upon the toes, wipe them with a towel. Rinse, repeat. Then he moves to the next one in the circle. It is slow work. He is not in a hurry.

Simon Peter was flinching. This is not the work for his Master. It is more appropriate for a house servant. As someone reminds us, the roadsides were not paved with asphalt. There were animals underfoot. There’s no telling what you might have stepped in or what needed to be scraped away. Simon says, “Jesus, I don’t want you to do this.” It was filthy, disgusting, ugly work. Jesus did it anyway. Simon wiggled his soapy toes and said it again, “Master, please stop.” It was dirty work, too intimate, too invasive, too close.

We heard what Jesus said. “If I don’t wash you, you don’t have a piece of me. If I don’t scrub you, you can’t participate in me. If I don’t rinse everything away from you, we can’t live with one another.” By now, I hope we understand he’s not talking about feet. He is talking about the relationship he has initiated with everyone he loves.

In his Gospel book, John reports this relationship in a variety of ways. Sometimes he uses the verb “abide,” as in to stay with Jesus and have him stay with you. Sometimes he speaks in terms of intimate knowledge, not merely “head knowledge” but “heart knowledge,” a spiritual intimacy as with soul mates. And sometimes, he speaks of the power of grace, which for Jesus is the cleansing power of God. He speaks the truth that sets us free. He invites us into his complete acceptance. He lays down his life for all whom he loves. That’s grace.

And at each move, it is his work. His initiative. To paraphrase what he says to Simon Peter, “If you let me do this, if you permit me to cleanse you, you are living with me.” That’s his mission. That’s his work.

Our work is to welcome his work. To allow him to come that close, just as some of us let haircutters wash our hair. There will always be distractions, evasions, and excuses.

“Lord, this is beneath you. We don’t expect you to do this.”

“Lord, we don’t want you to get too close.

“Lord, we are ashamed of where our feet have wandered.

“Lord, we can manage this on our own.”

Yet Jesus insists. This is his mission. It is the reason he has been sent by the Father. If he doesn’t let him wash us, it will not get done. And as we will hear tonight, one of his friends has had his feet washed, but refuses to be clean. As someone comments, “To be unclean is not to be unwashed, for Judas (Iscariot) belongs to the circle of those whose feet Jesus washed. Rather, to be unclean is to turn away from union and intimacy with Jesus… In order to have one’s share with Jesus, one must choose to accept the gesture of love that Jesus makes in the foot washing.”[1]

The Bible says, “He loved his own… he loved them to the end.” Tonight, after supper, the shadows darken and the story unfolds. The harmony will become dense, even painful. Yet the refrain continues: “Jesu, Jesu, fill us with your love, show us how to serve the neighbors we have from you.” No matter what happens, his cleansing love has the last word. It always does. It always will. Because his love is the love from God, the love that sent Jesus into the world, the love that sends him back to us again, the love that restores our souls.

Are you going to let him love you so much that he will wash you clean?

(c) William G. Carter. All rights reserved.

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[1] Gail O’Day, The New Interpreter’s Bible: Luke, John (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1995) p. 724.

More Than One Celebrity in the Parade

John 12:9-19
Palm Sunday
March 29, 2026
William G. Carter

When the great crowd of the Jews learned that he was there, they came not only because of Jesus but also to see Lazarus, whom he had raised from the dead. So the chief priests planned to put Lazarus to death as well, since it was on account of him that many of the Jews were deserting and were believing in Jesus.

 

The next day the great crowd that had come to the festival heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem. So they took branches of palm trees and went out to meet him, shouting, “Hosanna! Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord - the King of Israel!”

 

Jesus found a young donkey and sat on it, as it is written: “Do not be afraid, daughter of Zion. Look, your king is coming, sitting on a donkey’s colt!”

 

His disciples did not understand these things at first, but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things had been written of him and had been done to him. So the crowd that had been with him when he called Lazarus out of the tomb and raised him from the dead continued to testify. It was also because they heard that he had performed this sign that the crowd went to meet him. The Pharisees then said to one another, “You see, you can do nothing. Look, the world has gone after him!”

 

Palm Sunday is a favorite day in the church year. For many, this is a day they do not want to miss. But how much do you really know about Palm Sunday? Here’s a little quiz.

• True or false: Jesus rode a donkey downhill into the city of Jerusalem. True – all the accounts say that, although the Gospel of Matthew suggests he rode two animals into the city.
• True or false: The crowds sang a Passover psalm, as Jesus arrived in the city. True, Psalm 118 is the psalm. Passover was the reason a crowd was gathering in the city.
• True or false: All the versions of the story say the crowds waved palms as Jesus arrive. False, only the Gospel of John mentions the palms.
• True or false: Palm branches had a political overtone. True, in the Maccabean Revolt, 176 BC, Jewish rebels waved palm branches as they rose up against the Greek emperor Antiochus Epiphanes. It was the original No Emperor Rally.
• True or false: There’s evidence that Jesus didn’t want people to wave palms. True: In the Greek text of the account we hear today, there is word for “but,” as in “they waved palm branches, but Jesus chose a donkey.” For some reason, it doesn’t show up in the English translation but it’s there. 
• True or false: On Palm Sunday, everybody wanted to see Jesus. Partly true: According to John’s version of the story, they also came to see Lazarus, who was with him. How often do you see somebody raised from the dead? There was more than one celebrity in that parade.

Clearly there was a lot going on. The crowds swarmed the city for the Passover, a holiday that celebrated freedom from political oppression. The Roman Emperor positioned soldiers to keep a lid on the noise. Word was spreading about the raising of Lazarus from the dead, who now walks beside Jesus. The Temple leaders were desperate to maintain the status quo. And Lazarus? What’s he doing there? I guess if your friend got you out of your own tomb, you’d want to stay close to his side.

 

It’s no wonder the Gospel of John says, “His disciples did not understand these things at first.” That’s the best understatement for Holy Week. Who understands? Who sees clearly? And Jesus mounts the humble donkey and rides right into the whole mess.

 

Palm Sunday invites us to step into the ambivalence. We’ve been positioned through our own history to see this day as a great triumph. “Here comes Jesus, riding down the hill from the Mount of Olives. He will show those Romans a thing or two!” But what he shows them is vulnerability. He is defenseless. He carries no weapons. If he has any power, he withholds it. He chooses to ride into the city.

 

The religious leaders saw Jesus as a threat. Of course they did. They posed themselves as the Guardians of the Present Order. They believed in custom, stability, order, ritual, repetition, to say nothing of their own particular slant on power. They had a different kind of authority over the people, guarding the public access to heaven. And here comes Jesus. He was strangely indifferent to their inherited positions. He had no regard for the riches they gained by running the Temple. He had access to Holiness that they could not manage or control.

 

So, John tells us they decided to get rid of Jesus. Rub him out. Erase him from history. They had been fuming about him from early in John’s book. The clarity comes by chapter five, as they argued with Jesus in Jerusalem. They pick it up again in chapter seven as the Festival of the Booths. They tried to stone him in chapter eight, cursed him in chapter nine, tried to arrest him in chapter ten, and condemned him in chapter eleven. Their fury does not come out of nowhere. They felt threatened by him. Yet he shows them freedom. He is not intimidated by animosity.

 

And then there are the crowds. Back in chapter six, a huge multitude formed around Jesus. He gave the sick free medical care and the crowd increased. They had no food, so he “took the bread and blessed it, and broke it, and gave it to them.” There was more than enough free food. What did the crowd do? They cheered, and praised, and wanted to forcefully make him their king. Just like they said on Palm Sunday: “Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord – the King of Israel!” They call him their king…

 

…but… Jesus won’t be that kind of king. He did not come to hand out freebies on demand. He came in the glory of God, with grace in one hand, truth in the other. And they did not understand. Nobody understood, not until his death and resurrection, which John calls his “glory.”

 

In the version of the story that we receive today, John offers a diagnosis of the human situation. It’s simply stated: “They came, not only to see Jesus, but to see Lazarus, whom he had raised from the dead.” They came to see the spectacle. They came to see the celebrity, not one but two.” And this was powerfully compelling.

 

Ever see a famous person? Most of us have, I suppose. One of the young adults in our family worked in a hotel downtown. Notable people checked in and out all the time. She met presidential candidates (they all come through Scranton), airline pilots, and rock stars staying under assumed names.

 

One night a bus rolled up to the door and forty-two professional wrestlers stepped into the hotel. Her job was to take their names and check their ID’s. One of the wrestlers pushed to the head of the line. She said, “Name and ID, please.” The man said, “Don’t you know who I am?” “No,” she replied, “my brother would know you, but I need to see your ID.” He got pretty hot about it. Turns out, his stage name was different from his driver’s license.

 

Think about that question: “Don’t you know who I am?” As if everybody should know, and many people will. Whenever I wait to get my hair cut, I usually pick up a People magazine and thumb through it. Maybe it’s my age, or my increasing indifference, but I don’t know who most of those people are. Young starlets, ready to be consumed by the publicity machine. Aging actors, scrambling for a comeback, attempting one more notable role. Pop musicians and rappers, most of whom I’ve never heard of; am I the only one in the room who flips through the Grammy awards and has no idea who these celebrities are?

 

Then there are those who are “famous for being famous.” What have they done with themselves? Put on makeup, pranced in front of the cameras, and trafficked in inanities. And when their star faded, let’s ignite a scandal to get back in the headlines. This is deemed “entertainment.” I will die happily someday, in the knowledge that I have never watched “Survivor,” “The Apprentice,” or “Keeping Up with the Kardashians.” Daily life is challenging enough without chasing after fake situations and fake human beings.

 

And then, the crowd said, “Look, there’s Lazarus. He’s back from the dead. Let’s go see him.” Maybe we can shake his hand, see if it’s still cold. “And there’s Jesus, the miracle worker. Maybe he will sign my Bible.”

 

… But … Jesus does not seem the least bit interested. Back in chapter six, the crowd wanted to force Jesus to be king and he hid. In chapter eight, the religious leaders picked up stones to throw them at Jesus and he disappeared. Now they saw him, then they didn’t. Revealed and concealed. He will not be “captured.” But he may come to teach you about yourself – and then show you something about God.

 

This has been John’s theme all through out the season of Lent. We can’t make a celebrity out of Jesus. He slips away. We can’t even make a celebrity of Lazarus. This is his final named appearance in the Gospel of John. Raised from the dead, walked into town beside Jesus and his donkey, then never heard from again. What was that about? Not about his celebrity status. It was always about the glory of God, and only about God.

 

Jesus comes to your town. Something happens, then he’s gone. He doesn’t stick around for photos or autographs. But he has come. And his coming has punctured everything that once seemed important.

 

This is so hard for us to comprehend, especially in the world we have constructed. We would really like to meet somebody famous, because we could tell people about them, and that would make us famous. Famous, as in, a little bit more notable than ourselves. A little bit taller, a little bit bigger. And then if somebody really important comes to town, the excitement can carry us for quite some time.

 

“Look,” they said, “here comes Jesus. And there’s Lazarus, whom he raised from the dead.” The buzz intensified. Everybody was talking. The noise grew so loud that the Temple Keepers turned around, saw what was happening, and started shaking in their boots. They agreed: “Jesus has to go because look what he did to Lazarus. Lazarus has to go, too.”

 

Of all the stupid things spoken in the Gospel of John, that has to be the worst. They wanted to kill Lazarus because Jesus raised him from the dead. Wow, just wow. If they kill him, won’t Jesus raise him again?

 

And they wanted to kill the One who gave life back to Lazarus. Whew. Don’t they hear what they are saying? Don’t they understand? No, of course they don’t understand. None of us will comprehend until Jesus dies, and Jesus is raised, and then we begin to understand his death and resurrection are the glory of God. We cannot comprehend until we perceive his death reveals the truth about us and his resurrection reveals the grace of God. Death and resurrection, truth and grace.

 

Welcome to Holy Week according to the Gospel of John. It’s not about celebrity, but humility. Not about drawing more attention to us but pointing to the One who is the source of all life. It’s not about eliminating threats to exalted status but welcoming every intrusion that exposes all that is fake, false, and temporary. It’s not about using violence to exert control, but about choosing the alternative of quiet service. Just like Jesus.

 

“And they did not understand.” Not yet. But Friday is coming, then Sunday. Perhaps this time light will penetrate the darkness. What do you think?

(c) William G. Carter. All rights reserved.

It's Better for One Man to Die

John 11:1-53
Lent 5
March 22, 2026
William G. Carter

Many of the Jews, therefore, who had come with Mary and had seen what Jesus did believed in him. ⁴⁶ But some of them went to the Pharisees and told them what Jesus had done. ⁴⁷ So the chief priests and the Pharisees called a meeting of the council and said, “What are we to do? This man is performing many signs. ⁴⁸ If we let him go on like this, everyone will believe in him, and the Romans will come and destroy both our holy place^[a] and our nation.” ⁴⁹ But one of them, Caiaphas, who was high priest that year, said to them, “You know nothing at all! ⁵⁰ You do not understand that it is better for you to have one man die for the people than to have the whole nation destroyed.” ⁵¹ He did not say this on his own, but being high priest that year he prophesied that Jesus was about to die for the nation, ⁵² and not for the nation only, but to gather into one the dispersed children of God. ⁵³ So from that day on they planned to put him to death.

 

It’s a long story, so it may signal a short sermon. The problem is, there’s so much packed into the story, it’s hard to know where to start. Or how to finish. 

Let’s start with the ending: “They planned to put Jesus to death.” It’s a signal that the religious leaders had enough. The conflict had been building for quite some time. Ever since chapter two, in fact. John tells us that Jesus disrupted the Jerusalem Temple from early on. As far as the religious leaders were concerned, the Temple was the center of the universe. That’s where the animal sacrifices atoned for sin and marked moments in human life – and Jesus turned over the tables.

Obviously, the leaders of the establishment set the tables up again as soon as he left. They rebooted business as usual. Yet Jesus was a marked man. They had him in his sights. And the stories began to accumulate. Up in the little town of Cana, he filled the purification jars with fresh wine. He healed a young boy at the point of death. He lifted up a man who hadn’t walked in thirty-eight years – and did so on the Sabbath. They perceived Jesus didn’t respect the customs of the people. He didn’t act as if he was bound by rules and rituals.

John’s gospel repeatedly tells us that Jesus was strangely indifferent to his own Jewish religion. Those who maintained the religion, who wanted to manage it, grew weary of this Galilean preacher and healer. The tension kept building. As we heard last week, Jesus healed another man on the Sabbath. The man extolled him, praised him as Messiah, and promptly got thrown out of his synagogue. Jesus found him, expressing in effect, “You don’t need a synagogue if you have a Messiah. Or if the Messiah has you.”

So, when Jesus returned to Jerusalem, the conflict reached a fever pitch. The religious leaders baited him, cajoled him, argued with him. He told them plainly, “I give the life of eternity to anybody I choose. I am the good shepherd, and my flock hears my voice.” Like a pack of wolves, they snarled at him. Growled.

Then he said it, “The Father and I are one.” With that, they picked up stones to hurl at him. They wanted to get rid of him, once and for all. Get rid of the troublemaker and things will get back to normal, isn’t that right? They reached out to grab him – and he slipped away. He went out to the desert where John the Baptist has splashed his water. This is where the story of Lazarus begins.

Someone found him to say, “Lazarus, your beloved friend, is sick. He’s not going to make it.” Jesus said, “OK, since he is sick, I’m going to stay right here.” It is a curious detail. But remember, in the Gospel of John, Jesus knows everything. He knows what he is going to do. He’s not going to rescue Lazarus. Instead, he is going to show everybody what kind of God we have. This has been his mission from the beginning. God is a God of grace and truth. He shows us who we are (that’s the truth). He comes to us in mercy (that’s the grace).

Now, this is a strange thing. All our lives, we have been trained by success stories. The plot goes like this: there is some kind of trouble, and the superhero comes to rescue us. Somebody is sick, he makes them well. Somebody is wounded; he lifts them up. Somebody is confused (like Nicodemus), or excluded (like the Samaritan woman), and Jesus makes it all better. But success is not the logic of the Gospel of John. Rather, it’s all about self-giving.

If you remember last week, in chapter nine, Jesus gives sight to man who has never been able to see. That’s when the man’s troubles begin. “Was blind but now I see,” and now I can’t go back to the way things were. And Jesus did that. He didn’t ask permission; rather, he took initiative. He healed – with grace – and life changed. Not because he was asked, but because he chose to do so.

It’s like that early story of the wedding in Cana. It must have been some blow-out. They ran out of wine. And the mother of Jesus (she’s never named in the Gospel of John, just the mother of Jesus) says to him, “They don’t have any wine.” What does he say? “Woman, what is that to me?” He doesn’t call her “Mama” but “Woman”! She says to the stewards, “Do whatever he says,” because he is the one in charge. What does he say? “Fill up those unnecessary ritual jars with water.” Out comes the best tasting wine anybody has ever had. Not because someone told him to do it – not even his Mama – but Jesus chose to do it.

So, Mary and Martha say, “Come quick. Our brother is dying.” To which Jesus says, “This is not going to be a rescue, but a revelation. I’m going to show you God is the God of the living. He is the God of life eternal. God is the fountain of generous life.” And each of the sisters says to him, “You know, Lord, we were hoping you got here in time to rescue him. He’s the one you love. You know, the beloved one.”

What they see is something more than that. Never before has anybody been raised from the dead! Revived, perhaps. Rescued just in time, sure. But never before raised. Yet this central to the Gospel story because Jesus is the One who gives life. As he said, just a few verses before the story began, “I give the life of eternity to the world.”

The problem is this world is a world of death. This world wants to run by control and force. This world operates on brutality and pain. The leaders of this world have no desire to be interrupted by grace or truth. In fact, they make fun of anybody who would hold them accountable, saying, “Good riddance, they deserve to die, I’m glad they are dead.”

But here comes Jesus, from the will of the Father. On behalf of the God of eternity who gives life, Jesus pierces the illusion of control. He offers freely what brutality can never manage. He raises Lazarus from the stone-cold tomb. By choosing to do that, he chooses to enter his own stone-cold tomb. This is how the world obsessed with death will treat the Author and Giver of life. And such a world will continue to mislead itself into thinking it continues in control.

As we hear today, Jesus raises his friend from the dead – and the world decides to kill him. It’s the only thing the world knows how to do. This is the truth Jesus has come to reveal. It’s not the end of the story, of course, but it is the truth about where we live and how things usually operate – by self-interest, by greed, by the intoxication of control.

By self-interest: the high priest Caiaphas says, “It is better to get rid of him so we can stick around.”

By greed: Caiaphas and his priestly bunch were the richest folks in all of Jerusalem.[1] They wanted to stay that way. Rome could ensure that.

By the intoxication of control: the religious priesthood had a relationship with the Roman Empire, a toxic marriage of religion with politics. In that agreement, religion was not allowed to critique politics. In turn, religion got a piece of the power. It was a dangerous game. I hear it still goes on in some places.

This is the deadly mix that led to the death of Jesus. This is why Jesus wept. If it were a matter of compassion, grief, losing his friend, Jesus could have hurried up to rescue him. Yet it was not a rescue story. It was a revelation. What was revealed was that this world is no friend of life – and yet Jesus continues to be the giver of life. That is why he has come, so that whoever trusts in him will receive life, here, now, and forever. 

So, Jesus weeps. In the Gospel of John, this is his Gethsemane moment. This is the moment when he faces what he must do and what it will cost. He chooses to give life to Lazarus, to give life to the world, and he chooses to do it by giving his own life so that all of us will live.[2]

It is an astonishing story. More than a miracle, it’s a sign of what kind of God is sending Jesus to us. As we will hear next week and beyond, the story goes on. Yet for a moment, the conclusion is already clear. Jesus is more than the final resurrection. He is the Living One, the Life of God, our Life, Eternal Life. He continues to live.

By contrast, John says, “Caiaphas was high priest that year.” Actually, the high priesthood was a lifetime appointment, but John says, “that year.”[3] It’s his way of giving an elbow to the cruel and greedy leaders of this world. All of them have an expiration date, while Jesus Christ continues to be completely, thoroughly alive.

This tired old world can do whatever it wishes to the Messiah. Yet even with his wounds, Jesus comes to us, breathes on us, breathes his life, and says, “I do not give to you as the world gives.” For it is his life given to us. This is what he chooses.

And Jesus says, “Very truly, anyone who hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life and does not come under judgment but has passed from death to life.”[4]

(c) William G. Carter. All rights reserved.

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[1] See, for instance, “Profiteering in the Temple,” https://thingspaulandluke.wordpress.com/2020/11/27/profiteering-inside-the-temple/

[2] See Fred B. Craddock, “A Two-Fold Death and Resurrection,” online at https://www.religion-online.org/article/a-twofold-death-and-resurrection-jn-1125-26/

[3] Gail O’Day, “John,” The New Interpreter’s Bible Volume VIII, (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2015) 697.

[4] John 5:24

The Trouble Jesus Causes

John 9:1-41
Lent 5
March 15, 2026

William G. Carter  

 Jesus heard that they had driven him out, and when he found him he said, “Do you believe in the Son of Man?” He answered, “And who is he, sir? Tell me, so that I may believe in him.” Jesus said to him, “You have seen him, and the one speaking with you is he.” He said, “Lord, I believe.” And he worshiped him. Jesus said, “I came into this world for judgment, so that those who do not see may see and those who do see may become blind.” Some of the Pharisees who were with him heard this and said to him, “Surely we are not blind, are we?” Jesus said to them, “If you were blind, you would not have sin. But now that you say, ‘We see,’ your sin remains.”

It’s a long story, but it reminds us of what we already know. People see what they want to see. People hear what they want to hear. People convince themselves they are right. 

The basketball team is down, 120 to 63. The coach calls a time out to give them a pep talk in the final minutes of the game. “Come on, team! We are the champions. We are going to win this game.” Well, no. Not today. But you can’t tell him otherwise.

The business executive is told by her team that pursuing a certain direction would be a catastrophic mistake. “Thank you,” she says, “but you are wrong. I know what I’m doing.” Guess what happens. The company gets sold off for parts. The executive gets a pay-out and flies off to Tucson. And she was right. Just ask her.

And then, there is the fateful story of Captain Edward Smith. They warned him there were icebergs in the North Atlantic. Another ship sent a message, “Just saw an iceberg. Watch out.” He shrugged it off, declaring, “Our ship is unsinkable.” Famous last words from the captain of the Titanic.

Self-deception seems to be woven into our genetics. We are born with information filters. We act out of our opinions and convince ourselves they are facts. We reinforce what we are predisposed to already believe. And praise the Lord, there are hundreds of cable channels to tell us what we already think we know.

The ninth chapter of the Gospel of John is the story of a man born without his sight. He cannot perceive colors, recognize faces, or predict the pitfalls right on his path. The more I think about it, this is more than the story of a single beggar on the street corner of Jerusalem, banging his offering plate, and dependent on passersby. Oh, this is a story of the whole human race.

Everybody in this story is without sight. Everybody except Jesus. He’s the One who came for those who cannot see. John tells us how he spotted a man who could not see. The twelve disciples believed he must be a sinner, and if not him, then his parents. “Nope,” says Jesus, “it doesn’t work that way. No, look at him. Take a good long look: he is here for God to work in him.” Then Jesus gives him sight. The blind man doesn’t ask for it. He doesn’t expect it. Jesus takes the initiative and just does it. Then Jesus disappears. He doesn’t stick around. He goes out of sight. All that, by the middle of verse six.

The next thirty-five verses are a reaction to what Jesus did for the man. And you heard how everything unravels. The religious experts interrogate the man. They argue with him. Jesus gave him the ability to see – and that stirs up trouble. The religious experts interrogate the man’s parents. They are too frightened to stand up for their son. So, the experts drag him in for more questioning. “Who did this? Why did he do it on the sabbath when he should be sitting still?”

Back and other, bickering, arguing, until they throw out of the synagogue. When John wrote down this story, some sixty years after it happened, a number of people had been thrown out of the synagogue. You want to guess why? Because Jesus also gave them the ability to see. That became the crisis – the division of the house! Some could see. Some refused to see.

And see what? God has come into the world through Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus has come to help and heal, to restore what is broken, to lift up what is diminished. He has come to reveal the kind of God we truly have.

And the Pharisees say, “No, that can’t be right. God doesn’t let anybody get healed on the wrong day of the week. There are six days to do all your work, and we rest on the Sabbath.” Well, just like another Sabbath healing that Jesus did in chapter five, God is not limited by the weekly calendar. God is free to come, to heal, to bless.” But they couldn’t see it. They didn’t want to see it.

That seems to be the human dilemma. Like those Pharisees in the story, who are overdrawn caricatures of actual historical Pharisees, we can be so careful to determine where God can act and where God cannot act that we miss seeing God acting right in front of our noses. Like John tells us: people see only what they want to see.

And do you know what it’s called when people won’t see what God is doing in Jesus? In the fourth Gospel, that is the definition of sin. Jesus does something, like heal a man born blind, or feed a multitude with a few fish, and the reaction is, “Well, that wasn’t God at work. That was something else. We don’t know what it was, but it wasn’t God. Jesus can’t really be God.” The Gospel of John says, “That is what sin is all about.”

Curious, isn’t it, that this long story offers a peculiar conversation about sin? The disciples said, “Who sinned, this man or his parents, that he was born without sight?” Jesus says, “No, you goobers. Sin has nothing to do with making somebody blind when they were born that way.” No, sin is refusing to receive and trust what God has come to do in Jesus. At this point in the larger story, the jury is still out whether the disciples can understand this.

The Pharisees, representing all religious professionals in all times and place, are also certain the man-born-blind had committed many sins. That’s why they investigated. They had to know what they did not know. What they cannot know. The man had not sinned, but they keep telling themselves he must have sinned. He must have done something wrong.

So, the Experts turn on Jesus. He must be the sinner. He healed on the Sabbath, so he broke the Sabbath. What they cannot see, of course, is that he’s the One who created the Sabbath. Back in chapter one we heard, “He’s the One through whom all things were made.” Even the Sabbath. Yet if they knew that verse, and they didn’t, they would not believe it because they would not believe that the living God was working in the life of Jesus.

This is the crisis, the present day of judgment. Either you see this or you don’t. Either Jesus is showing us the true nature of God or he’s just some other miracle guy. This one from Nazareth in the middle of nowhere, the one with a dirty tunic and carpenter splinters in his hands. Is this the prophet of God? The Messiah? Everybody has to decide.

This is John’s particularly unique understanding of sin singular (the refusal to accept who Jesus is) and sins plural, those infractions against religious law over which the Pharisees have appointed themselves as moral guardians. And it helps to clarify something Jesus will say later in the book, in chapter fifteen. As he sums up his ministry at the Last Supper, he says, “If I had not come, if I had not spoken to them, they would not have sinned.” (15:22)

The point is he has come; he has spoken, he has acted – and to dismiss him, to trash him, to push him away, that is the depth of human sin. And it wouldn’t have happened if he had not come into the world. In fact, if he had not come, the world would have remained a closed system, a death spiral of despair. And to quote an old phrase that becomes quite poignant, it would be “blind leading the blind.”

I reflect on these things as I listen to people out in public who talk as if they know what they are doing. Especially when it becomes painfully obvious that they don’t. And then they lie, or spin, or create new rationales, or say “Look over there!” to cover up a great deal of ignorance that ends up hurting a lot of people. It is a recurring human situation without a shred of humility or self-awareness.

And should anybody be called out for it, like the first century Pharisees, they defend themselves. “You’re not saying we are blind, too, are you?”

Jesus sighs once again. His retort is the same: “If you were blind, you would not have sin. But now that you say, ‘We see,’ your sin remains.”

Take a moment to look around. Go ahead, look. We find ourselves in the company of those who have had their eyes opened. Maybe not the whole way, maybe just wide enough to perceive God is real, Christ has come among us, and the Living Spirit continues to bless and challenge us; once again, grace and truth. The true Christ follower is the one who sings, “I was once was blind, but now I see.” (No, we are not going to sing that one today. We’ll sing another one in just a minute. But the sentiment is the same.)

Think about what we do, in the light of the story John tells us. We keep coming together on Sunday mornings, on Tuesdays and Thursdays and Wednesdays and whenever else, and the point of it all is to keep looking for Jesus. To share field reports of when and where we’ve experienced the grace and truth that come as gifts from heaven.

And it doesn’t come all at once, not for most of us. Like the man who had his eyes opened for the first time, the Christian life is one of growing clarification.

We study together, we serve the neighborhood together, we live our lives together, we pray for one another. And we do it because we know there is light that has come into the darkness. We keep at it because we are not alone. Never alone.

Without asking for it, a man is given his ability to see. For the first time, he can see. So, when Jesus finds him again and pops the question, “Do you believe in the Son of Man?” the man says, “Who is it?” And Jesus says, “You have seen him.” Your eyes have been opened. Your heart has been opened. He’s standing right in front of you – which is where he was always been.

Today we baptize a mom and her four kids. We tell them the truth about God’s grace: you all belong to God. Our task as the household of God is to celebrate the vision God has given to us and to help one another to see. We point to the promise of living with Jesus, and we welcome his life to live through us. We notice the things he cares about. We pay attention to those huddled on the street corners that others don’t see. We call out hypocrisy and do our best to live in humility. And we wait for him to show more and more of himself.

This is the trouble Jesus causes. It’s good trouble, the best kind of trouble there is. And as we step into it, we do so in the full assurance that we are not the people we once were. God is at work among us.

(c) William G. Carter. All rights reserved.